How do you move your seed phrase? Metal plates? Hardware storage?
If you’re moving and relocating to a different country, what is the best practice to protect your seeds / hardware especially when in the airport?

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Don’t leave your BTC on exchanges. It doesn't matter how big or reputable they seem.
Move your funds to a cold storage hardware wallet. Take full ownership of your wealth. Stay safe out there!
TL;DR: Get a hardware wallet today.

I recently encountered one of the world's largest FUDders to ever exist. The global financial system had come up and somewhere down the line I mentioned bitcoin, this guy knows nothing about it so he asked me about it. I work with him daily so I know that he means well, but his brain just immediately went into FUD mode, he just immediately started looking for reasons why he shouldn't buy it. He ended up literally going down the list of each fud talking point.

What about quantum?

What if the internet goes down?

What if the government confiscates it?

What if someone just creates more bitcoin to ruin the scarcity?

What if someone just reprograms the blockchain to allow for more bitcoin to be created?

What if there's a secret backdoor to bitcoin?

What if the creator is secretly siphoning bitcoin from everyone to himself and the number you're seeing on the screen is just a fake number?

What if he put in the backdoor in a way that no one would be able to detect it? Since he wrote the code, he'd be able to do it.

I didn't have a good answer on the last few cos I had never encountered those specific questions since I had never come across someone so determined to stay poor, so I'm guessing that he took my not having an immediate good answer as him thinking that his suspicions were correct and so now he just perma-fudded himself and will never buy ????‍♀️

A recent post led me to do the math... how much BTC is lost forever when someone dies without leaving behind instructions for recovery? Purely guessing at unknown numbers, here's my guess:

There is around 10 million BTC in self-custody

What percent of those die annually? Maybe 3 out of 1,000? 0.3%?

Out of those, how much is lost? One would assume that the more BTC held by an individual, the likelier it is to be recoverable. Those with a few sats here and there and far less likely to leave clear instructions than someone holding 1 or more BTC...

Purely with the numbers above, 10M x 0.003 / 365 = 82 BTC dies every day

It's a wild guess with respect to the recovery-failure rate... at 5%, it's around 4 BTC. At 75%, it's 62 BTC.

My wild guess will split the difference... 33 BTC flies into the eternal ether every day.

Is that close? I welcome comments with respect to my assumptions.

Honestly just think about it, you want to wait for another dump, sure you can… but if it dumps 5% or hell lets say 12%, this wont really matter if you hold more than a year! Bitcoin has the potential to 200% or even 300% from now to 2029 I am expecting Bitcoin to be pretty dam high, I do not have an exact number because I do not know the future as no one else does.

Just please ask yourself, is it really worth waiting on the side lines for a small percentage just to risk losing another 30%?

Take it from me, I put in 100k into Bitcoin priced at 87k, sure it dropped a little, hell it might even drop more along the way but I plan to hold it! So those small dips wont matter. I was like you in the beginning telling myself at 65k “I will wait for the dip, I can get it cheaper” and that never came, I lost out on 40% gain! I have my money sitting in there now confident that it will x3 (300%) by 2029, heck I even deleted the app to look at the price and just live my live with the confidence in my choice. I decided to stop waiting and putting my life on hold.

And for the record, this is not financial advice. This is just my opinion.

SignerOS is an air-gapped, offline operating system that runs from a live USB and turns a regular PC into a Bitcoin transaction signer and wallet creation device.

After some new reviews and testing, we made several important improvements and released v1.3.0.

This version includes:

• Better change validation: SignerOS now properly reads and validates the whole script instead of just looking for your key inside it. This helps detect cases where a key is present in a script but does not actually control the coins.
• Better multisig validation: For 2-of-2, 2-of-3 and other multisig wallets, SignerOS now checks the actual public keys to make sure the change belongs to the same group of cosigners.
• All transaction inputs are checked: We found and fixed a case where one valid input could make a fake change output appear valid. SignerOS now makes sure that all inputs being signed belong to the same wallet.
• Timelock improvements: Fixed some issues in how timelocked scripts are handled.
• More useful warnings: SignerOS can now warn about some unusual multisig change outputs that are technically valid but may not be recognized correctly by wallet software.

The main goal of this release is to make change validation more robust, especially for multisig transactions.

Thanks to everyone who is interested in the project, provides feedback, tests SignerOS, reports issues, and supports the project with donations.

signeros.org

this has been on my mind for a while

i’ve had bitcoin since 2017 and have the hardware wallet, seed phrase backup, etc. set up. the part i still haven’t figured out is what happens if i’m suddenly not around.

my spouse has basically zero interest in bitcoin. if something happened to me tomorrow, she knows the wallet exists but wouldn’t know what to do with it or where to even start

a will seems easy enough, but that doesn’t solve the practical part. handing someone a seed phrase and saying “good luck” isn’t exactly a plan either.

how have you handled this? written instructions, trusted family member, lawyer, multisig, something else?

i’m mostly interested in setups that don’t require the person inheriting it to become a bitcoin expert first

Every headline this month has been bad. Jobs numbers soft, manufacturing contracting, consumer credit stress, and half of Europe flat. Normally you'd expect risk assets to take that badly. Instead bitcoin has been climbing.

I've seen three explanations going round and I'm not convinced by any of them on their own.

The first is that bad data means rate cuts, and rate cuts mean liquidity, and bitcoin is a liquidity asset before it's anything else. This one probably has the most going for it historically. the problem is that the market has priced cuts early and been wrong about it repeatedly, and "bad news is good news" tends to hold right up until the bad news is bad enough to actually matter.

The second is the debasement trade, people front running currency weakness. i have some sympathy for this but it's also the explanation people reach for whenever they want a reason that flatters what they already own.

The third is just flows. ETFs, corporate treasuries, and monthly retail buying that goes in regardless of what the news says. Mechanical demand doesn't read the jobs report. That's the least romantic answer and probably the most accurate one.

What I keep coming back to is that a real recession has never actually been tested against this asset. 2020 was a liquidity crisis that got fixed in three weeks by enormous stimulus. 2022 was a rate shock and bitcoin fell 75 percent alongside tech. neither of those is the same as a slow grinding downturn where people lose jobs and sell whatever they can.

So I'm holding, but I'm not treating this as proof of anything. Green candles during bad data feel like confirmation and usually aren't tbh

“Federal Reserve delivers warning to all Americans with a savings account: ‘There will be a reckoning.’ Are you ready?”

https://finance.yahoo.com/economy/policy/articles/federal-delivers-warning-americans-savings-103500121.html

Today I'm knocking out a short punch list on my Bitcoin full node before the weekend hits.

Started by confirming the latest block sync and reviewing peer connections for any odd drops.

It's become a steady habit that keeps me directly tied to the network's actual state rather than secondhand reports.

Curious what small Bitcoin tasks others are handling this week.

Educational only — not financial advice.

So basically I have 10k on kraken I was bout to move to safer waller then 2fa became mandatory and the email for bio metrics on samsung pass is an old one I do t have access to any advice??????

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Lately we've been noticing more businesses quietly adding Bitcoin to their balance sheets.

It seems like the conversation has shifted from speculation to actual use as a reserve asset.

I'm curious how this changes things for regular holders over the next few years.

What are your thoughts on where Bitcoin fits into everyday finance going forward?

I realized that who the hell knows why the markets are doing what they’re doing. Interest-rates went up and stocks and crypto soared. At some point it’s just dollar cost average and hold on for dear life.

A few years ago, $100K Bitcoin sounded unrealistic.

Now people casually mention $100K EOW.

Has Bitcoin’s perception changed, or are we just getting carried away by price action?

yeah it’s gonna keep pumping

it’s gonna pump your chud socks off

for 3 years straight

end of message

that 69,420 may never happen again.

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This might seem obvious, but I've been seeing so many people have their life savings stolen. I know this is said a lot, but if this helps even one person, it's a success. Do your research on cold storage security. Cold storage comes with responsibility, so BE RESPONSIBLE and LEARN. Don't let your own ignorance be your downfall!

I put in 100k into BTC ETF, I do not care I plan to hold it until Jan 2029.. am I stupid? Probably… but I think its time I took some change in my life.

I am sure this is inevitable and am pretty sure bitcoin will reach 150k before the end of the year.

I've been calling out the "October cult" since they started spewing their nonsense.
Very unlikely but an ATH in October would be so funny, October cult was just reading their crystal ball upside down.

Now that BTC is back above $85K, I'm curious: did you buy during the weakness, or did fear make you wait for confirmation?

We are now closer to the 100k mark than we are to 70k.
Then the fun starts. Congrats to everyone that wasn't a sheep listening to youtubers like Ben Cowen. LETS GO

Today for the first time since Nov 2025 it closed above the 50 weekly moving average. Today is confidence day. Today is the day to buy. Closing above the 50 is now confirmation that the bear has run away. Now for those that waited its FOMO time

Ask (and answer!) away! Here are the general rules:

• If you'd like to learn something, ask.
• If you'd like to share knowledge, answer.
• Any question about Bitcoin is fair game.

And don't forget to check out /r/BitcoinBeginners

You can sort by new to see the latest questions that may not be answered yet.

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BYDFi closed my positions 27 hours and 21 minutes before the deadline stated in its written notice, without providing an updated warning or giving me the promised opportunity to fund the account or close the positions myself.

BYDFi support

2026/09/22 at 13:00 (UTC+8) This is the time our update was supposed to begin. However, due to the large workload, the IT team broke down the tasks into smaller parts. Therefore, your order was closed one day before the update.

We sincerely apologize for not synchronizing the time accurately, but since the order has already been closed, it cannot be recovered.

Bitcoin is attempting to retest the May 10th $82430 price and closing in. Once it beats that, the selloff is all over. Also, permanently as well. Never coming back down to these levels.

Before I begin, I want to express my deepest respect for the cypherpunk community. While I am no expert on the subject, I share many of the ideas held by the group.

The desire to solve this puzzle stems from the human need to wander through the valley of curiosity.

I consider this one of the greatest mysteries of our time, and while the solution I propose may seem obvious to some, others may find this an interesting place to focus their energy on a warm summer night.

I hope you find value in this article.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Who was Satoshi nakamoto?

Cryptographers, journalists, intelligence agencies, developers and internet detectives have all tried to put a real face behind the name.

Maybe that is the problem.

Maybe we have spent all these years looking for one man…

because we assumed there had to be one.

What if Satoshi Nakamoto was never one person, but an identity?

A shared identity created by two people whose skills, history and timing fit together in a way that is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore.

One of them built one of Bitcoin’s closest technical predecessors.

The other lived at the heart of the cypherpunk world, understood anonymity at an obsessive level, and knew exactly how to make an identity disappear.

They knew each other.

They worked in the same cryptographic circles.

They were still in contact shortly before Bitcoin appeared.

And once you place their lives next to the history of Bitcoin, something strange happens:

the gaps begin to fill each other.

Their names were:

Hal Finney and Len Sassaman.

I am not claiming there is definitive proof.

There isn’t.

But when the known facts are placed in chronological order, the pattern becomes difficult to unsee.

Jump with me...

2004 — Hal Finney creates RPOW

Hal Finney develops Reusable Proofs of Work (RPOW).

The idea was to take Hashcash-style proofs of work and turn them into scarce digital tokens that could be transferred from person to person.

There was still one major problem: RPOW relied on a trusted server.

But conceptually, we're getting dangerously close to Bitcoin.

Bitcoin would later solve the enormous remaining problem:

how to remove the trusted intermediary entirely.

2005 — Finney presents RPOW at CodeCon

In February 2005, Finney presents RPOW at CodeCon. We even still have his message asking cypherpunks for help with the live demonstration.

Who co-founded CodeCon?

Len Sassaman, together with Bram Cohen, the creator of BitTorrent. Sassaman himself listed CodeCon among the projects he co-founded with Cohen.

So three years before the Bitcoin whitepaper, Hal Finney is demonstrating one of Bitcoin's closest technical ancestors...

at a conference co-founded by the other man who would later become a leading Satoshi candidate.

And Finney and Sassaman were not strangers.

Both had worked around PGP, were friends, and Sassaman's widow Meredith Patterson confirmed that they were still interacting in 2008.

October 31, 2008 — Satoshi Nakamoto appears

An unknown person publishes:

Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.

The whitepaper contains only eight references.

It cites Wei Dai's b-money.

It cites Adam Back's Hashcash.

It cites work on timestamping, Merkle structures and probability.

You know what it does not cite?

RPOW.

Hal Finney's system from four years earlier.

That proves absolutely nothing by itself.

But this is where things get interesting.

If Hal had nothing to do with Satoshi, the omission is at least curious.

If Hal was part of Satoshi, however, omitting RPOW would make perfect operational-security sense:

don't leave a giant academic arrow pointing directly at your own previous work.

And there is something wonderfully elegant about this.

Bitcoin cites Hashcash — the system Finney used as the foundation for RPOW.

It cites the grandfather.

But not the father.

January 2009 — Bitcoin goes live

January 3: the Genesis Block is mined.

January 9: Bitcoin v0.1 is publicly released.

And then, just a few days later, something historic happens.

January 12, 2009

Satoshi performs the first known person-to-person Bitcoin transfer.

10 BTC.

The recipient?

Hal Finney.

The transaction is recorded in block 170.

If Hal was simply one of the first cypherpunks interested in Bitcoin, this makes perfect sense.

But under the Finney–Sassaman hypothesis, there is another rather amusing possibility:

the first Bitcoin transaction may effectively have been Satoshi sending Bitcoin to himself.

And in doing so, creating an extremely early public piece of evidence establishing "Satoshi Nakamoto" and "Hal Finney" as two separate people.

That would be some pretty beautiful OPSEC.

But there is a major problem with “Hal = Satoshi”

Researcher Jameson Lopp investigated Hal's movements and Satoshi's activity and found conflicts where both appear to be doing different things simultaneously.

The most famous example involves Hal participating in a race while activity attributed to Satoshi was taking place.

That makes Hal Finney as the sole Satoshi very difficult to reconcile with the evidence.

But then another possibility appears:

What if Satoshi was never Hal?

What if Satoshi was a shared identity?

Because while Hal was running...

someone else could have been behind the keyboard.

Someone like Len.

The evidence that damages the Hal-only hypothesis doesn't necessarily destroy a Hal + Len hypothesis.

And Len fits where Hal fits less naturally

Finney fits the engineering side of Bitcoin extraordinarily well.

Sassaman fits some of the other pieces.

He was a cryptographer.

A cypherpunk.

A privacy specialist.

An academic.

He lived in Europe.

Despite being American, his writing sometimes used British spellings and expressions — another characteristic famously associated with Satoshi.

He also worked directly on anonymity technologies and was knowledgeable about stylometric anonymization: techniques intended to obscure identifying patterns in someone's writing.

And pseudonyms were hardly foreign territory.

Bram Cohen, who knew Sassaman extremely well, has said Len regularly posted pseudonymously in cypherpunk circles and had even encouraged Cohen to release BitTorrent under a pseudonym.

If you wanted to create a digital identity that would remain almost impossible to attribute...

that's not a bad résumé.

December 12, 2010 — Satoshi disappears from public view

Satoshi writes what becomes his final public BitcoinTalk post.

It's completely mundane.

Technical.

He is discussing denial-of-service protections and ends with the observation that there is still more work to do.

Then he stops posting publicly.

Private communication continues for several more months.

But Satoshi's public presence is essentially over.

April 23, 2011

Developer Mike Hearn asks Satoshi whether he intends to return to Bitcoin development or permanently step away.

Satoshi replies:

“I've moved on to other things. It's in good hands with Gavin and everyone.”

Three days later comes the message that is generally regarded as Satoshi's final verified email.

April 26, 2011 — Satoshi hands over the keys

Satoshi emails Gavin Andresen.

He asks Gavin to stop portraying him to journalists as a mysterious shadowy figure and to focus attention on Bitcoin as an open-source project instead.

Then:

“I've moved on to other things and will probably be unavailable.”

And he gives Gavin Bitcoin's network alert key and broadcast code.

This doesn't read like someone going on holiday.

It's a handover.

After that, there is no later communication universally accepted as authentic Satoshi correspondence.

Now look at the next date.

July 3, 2011

Len Sassaman dies.

KU Leuven's own records confirm the date.

From Satoshi's final known email on April 26 to Sassaman's death:

68 days.

This does not establish causation.

There is no solid evidence that Sassaman's death was caused by anything connected to Bitcoin.

And turning temporal proximity into evidence would be exactly the kind of confirmation bias that ruins investigations like this.

But if Sassaman really was one half of Satoshi...

the chronology suddenly looks very different.

Because then another question appears:

Why didn't Hal simply bring Satoshi back later?

Perhaps because Satoshi required both of them.

Maybe Hal was primarily the engineer.

Maybe Len contributed heavily to the academic writing, communications, identity management and OPSEC.

Once Len was gone, resurrecting Satoshi might have been dangerous.

The writing could change.

The schedule could change.

The tone could change.

The knowledge could change.

One inconsistency could expose years of careful identity separation.

The safest move would be simple:

let Satoshi die too.

Then Hal dies as well

Hal Finney died from complications of ALS in August 2014.

Now both candidates were gone.

And this leads to one of my favorite observations from the entire investigation.

When Jameson Lopp discussed how difficult it would be for multiple people to maintain a secret of this magnitude indefinitely, he pointed out the obvious problem:

Groups are bad at keeping secrets.

Unless...

they're all dead.

And that offers an eerily simple explanation for one more mystery

Why would someone create an asset that eventually became worth an unimaginable fortune...

and never meaningfully cash out the coins generally attributed to its creator?

There are plenty of possible explanations.

Lost keys.

Ideological conviction.

Fear of revealing an identity.

No desire for the money.

Or something else entirely.

But there is also an extraordinarily simple explanation:

the people capable of moving them are no longer alive.

None of this proves Finney and Sassaman were Satoshi

And there is important evidence against the theory.

Sassaman publicly criticized Bitcoin.

Hal denied being Satoshi.

Hal's correspondence with Satoshi, read literally, looks like two different people talking to each other.

And we are missing the only kind of evidence that could potentially end the argument:

cryptographic proof from Satoshi's keys.

So this isn't proof.

It's a pattern.

But look at the pattern:

2004: Hal creates RPOW.
↓
2005: Hal presents RPOW at the conference co-founded by Len.
↓
2008: Hal and Len are still in contact.
↓
2008: Bitcoin appears.
↓
The whitepaper cites Hashcash and b-money... but not RPOW.
↓
2009: Hal becomes the first known recipient of a Bitcoin transfer.
↓
Activity conflicts make Hal-as-the-only-Satoshi difficult.
↓
Those same conflicts are compatible with a shared identity.
↓
Len possesses many of the complementary skills that the Hal-only hypothesis struggles to explain.
↓
December 2010: Satoshi disappears publicly.
↓
April 26, 2011: Satoshi hands over control and says he will probably be unavailable.
↓
68 days later: Len Sassaman dies.
↓
Satoshi never returns.
↓
2014: Hal Finney dies.

And then, in 2026, after a four-year investigation involving cryptographers, programmers, investigators and people who personally knew both men, the documentary Finding Satoshi independently arrives at essentially the same hypothesis:

Satoshi Nakamoto may never have been one person.

It may have been Hal Finney and Len Sassaman working together.

We don't have the proof.

Maybe we never will.

But if it someday turns out to have been them, the omission of RPOW from the Bitcoin whitepaper may be one of the most beautiful clues in the entire story.

It was hiding in plain sight precisely because it wasn't there.

That doesn't mean bread became more valuable. It means the value of USD plummeted.

So while it's great and all that BTC is rising in value it may not be as great of a thing as you think if it means we are graduating from a recession into another depression.....

Haven’t seen a post like this updated in a long time and am just curious. Mine is 78,000, my brother is around 70,000 and my cousin is at 60,000 ish and won’t add any more. What are your predictions as to where bitcoin will be in the future as well?

Hey just wanna know what would happen to btc if inflation was to go down cause if btc is hedge against inflation what happens if inflation is down

https://x.com/1914ad/status/2100970224661008553?s=46&t=18yYh2YXkfndk0YzoQlMlA

Refer to the post.

Trying to understand what is the point of bitcoin if one country could restrict its use for people or an entity.

I understand the ATM fees are not worth it and have terrible fees, but if you were in a pinch and needed $800, what type of fees could one expect selling BTC for cash at an atm?

I downloaded coin atm radar, but all the ones I see don’t show the fees posted .

Side question- has one purchased prepaid visa? What type of fees are going to pay out the door for $500 card?

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What happens if all the coordinator software like Sparrow or Numchuck are not available? Can you still recover a multi sig?

I’m surprised this hasn’t been incorporated in the UI yet with clicking buttons. If it’s the safest options and you don’t want to trust hardware wallets due to the hacks like cold card.

I thought seedsigner was a good option but even that can have serious bugs like dark skippy?

Dear community, plz tell me why keeping/buying bitcoin from Venmo is stupid? Be gentle.

I dont really understand this way of buying bitcoin “peer to peer” it may be easy and i know the process of it is, but the thing is where do i find a legit person to ask to buy btc from? Tips and answers would be really appreciated.

Don't know that XBT = BTC - pack it up mods 81k

You acknowledging the value of the bitcoin by saying you want to buy it but at the same time waiting for the price to drop is contradictory.
Why ?Because you reaffirming the value of the bitcoin by saying you want to buy more .
You saying you want to buy it shoots the price up..
When exactly did you buy something of high value for dirt cheap ?

Yep oh well, sold my car to buy btc, and look at it now up at 81k, FML, any advice ? Is this full bull now ? Should I FOMO in ? Any thoughts appreciated cheers..

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Anyone care to throw there 2 cents in is welcomed

Cyrpto (bitcoin) under 18 in uk

How can i buy cyrpto specifically bitcoin if everything requires a kyc. I heard about p2p but know nothing about it and bitcoin atms arent anywhere near where i live and charge high fees. Banks allow you to set up account but not access the bitcoin parts like revolt ect. What can i do?

No other reason

Great breakdown of what $840k is a conservative number from River

https://youtu.be/XdRcvaiz-AI

Been stacking since 2017 and the one thing I've never solved is the estate side. Multisig with a family member feels like handing a stranger a loaded gun, a letter with a solicitor feels like a single point of failure, curious what people have actually implemented???

Every time Bitcoin goes back up a few percent, people tend to just forget the random dumps and how it’s literally still down 40% or more from just a year ago.

Do they also not know Bitcoin literally just dumps for no reason at all? And the same when it goes back up. It just does whatever the fuck it wants and celebrating a 2% candle just for it to turn into a -10% candle within hours makes these idiots look stupid

https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/us-sanctions-iranian-financiers-crypto-exchange-says-it-processes-hormuz-2026-09-17/

I was thinking about this after seeing how many different explanations of Bitcoin there are these days.

The funny thing is, I feel like Bitcoin has become easier to access but not necessarily easier to understand. Buying it, setting up a wallet, or learning the basic terminology is probably less intimidating than it used to be. But once you start getting into things like self-custody, UTXOs, fees, confirmations, mining, nodes, and how the protocol actually reaches consensus, it gets complicated pretty quickly.

And I wonder if that's just part of the learning process.

For people who have been around Bitcoin for a long time, what concept took you the longest to properly understand?

For me, there seems to be a point where you stop thinking about Bitcoin as simply “digital money” and start realizing there are a lot more layers to it. I'm curious where that point was for other people.

What Bitcoin concept did you initially misunderstand but eventually have a completely different view of?

Could be something technical, economic, security-related, or even something that seems really obvious now in hindsight.

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Approx 16 hours ago I did a transaction on NCwallet for 1.5k after paying commission there is still no txid and stuck on pending. Trustpilot being flooded with people facing the same issue & no help from support. Do not fund via NCWallet.

Moving into a basement apartment and looking for a miner i can use as a space heater. I'm new to mining and still confused about payouts: do you earn small amounts of bitcoin regularly through a pool, or are you waiting to mine a full coin? Do I need any extra equipment?

I'm comparing an 800W miner for a smaller room with a setup that draws around 1400W on standard mode and can heat a garage. Both are about 18W/TH.

Which setup gives the best balance of price, hashrate, and heat?

H.R. 8957 got through House Financial Services 28-21 on Wednesday. Most of the coverage is calling it a Trump bill, which misses something.

Nick Begich wrote it but Jared Golden, a Democrat, is co-lead on it. Two days earlier CLARITY died in the Senate on what was basically a party-line vote. So narrow bills about one thing are moving. Big sweeping ones aren't.

A few details I thought were more interesting than the vote count:

The lock is 20 years. Treasury can't sell it, swap it or use it as collateral. That's long enough to outlast a few presidents.

Every federal agency has 60 days after it becomes law to say what they actually hold. Right now nobody really knows the total across all of them.

There's a line directing a study on buying more bitcoin without spending new money. That's the interesting bit, and probably the first thing to get cut.

It also says outright that people have the right to hold their own keys.

Still has to pass the full House and then the Senate, so it's not law. But no reserve bill has got this far before.

I buy a fixed amount of Bitcoin on a schedule, but I’m less certain about how often to move it to self-custody.

Withdrawing after every purchase feels unnecessary when the amounts are small and fees can vary. Waiting until the balance becomes meaningful is more practical, but it also means leaving more on the exchange than I’m comfortable with.

For people making regular purchases, do you use a fixed withdrawal schedule, wait until you reach a certain amount, or base it on current network fees? I’m interested in how people balance custody risk against the cost and inconvenience of frequent withdrawals.

Here's a simple test I think more node runners should do:

Open the wallet you normally use and check which server it is actually talking to.

Running Bitcoin Core doesn't necessarily mean your wallet is using your node for wallet queries. Depending on the setup, you may still be querying a public Electrum server and sharing information about the scripts/transactions you're interested in.

I ended up turning this into a practical audit rather than another “run your own node” guide.

It covers how to:

• inspect the wallet's actual connections
• check listening ports with ss
• distinguish Bitcoin P2P from RPC exposure
• audit electrs, Fulcrum and ElectrumX
• catch Docker port publishing
• check IPv6 instead of assuming NAT protects you
• test the ports externally
• use SSH/VPN/Tor instead of exposing a personal Electrum server
• use tcpdump to verify where the wallet connection actually goes

I also went back to this because someone here pointed out that I had left Electrum out of my previous self-hosting threat model. They were right.

Full guide is free:

https://davidebtc186.substack.com/p/your-bitcoin-wallet-is-talking-to

I'd be interested in what people here actually use: Core directly, electrs, Fulcrum, ElectrumX, or a public server?

If this is not the bottom, I am unsure what to say. The resilience of BTC is remarkable this cycle. It demonstrates that BTC has never required anything or anyone. BTC will act as it chooses. DCA n Chill ????????

Update: I would add that less than 5 years ago, two or three of the events mentioned would have driven the price down sharply. Now, the shift barely exceeds 5 percent; interestingly, the reverse holds as well, since two or three positive reports also fail to move the price. So when does it shift? On a random Tuesday when no one is watching. I was pooping when the price jump 60k to 75k ????

The lightning network is a second-layer solution on top of the Bitcoin blockchain that enables quick, cheap and scalable Bitcoin payments.

Here is the place to discuss and learn more about lightning!

Ask your questions about lightning

Provide reviews, feedback, comparisons of LN apps, services, websites etc

Learn about new LN features, development, apps

Link to good quality resources (articles, wikis etc)

Resources:

• Here is an awesome list of resources: https://bitcoinfo.org/lightning.html

• Want to test out your lightning fire power? tip the Bitcoin devs! https://bitcoindevlist.com/

• Previous threads: Search

• Lnbook getting closer towards being finished and can already be seen at: https://github.com/lnbook/lnbook

• Lightning Dedicated YouTube Channel: https://youtube.com/renepickhardt

• Also there is the playlist by chaincode labs: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpLH33TRghT17_U3as2P3vHfAGL8pSOOY

• Lightning stores: https://www.lightningnetworkstores.com/

• Learn more and talk about lightning right here in r/Bitcoin, r/bitcoinbeginners and r/thelightningnetwork

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

While lots of agentic micrpservices are using x402, similar activity in bitcoin ecosystem has been lacking. In an attempt to address this, we have announced a bitcoin only service that allows AI agents to easily buy compute

• Website
• Blog Post

Feel free to get back with thoughts/suggestions

I’m seeing more and more posts obviously written by AI.

Why bother?

It’s especially ridiculous when AI is used for replies.

Woke up, saw the news, checked BTC. Yeah it's down.

Two years ago this would've wrecked my week. I'd be glued to Twitter watching predictions, second-guessing my position, maybe moving some "just to take a little off the table."

Now I just buy my scheduled amount Friday and move on.

The thing about DCA that took me forever to actually internalize is that it doesn't require you to have an opinion. CLARITY Act fails? Still buying. Fed raises? Still buying. Some exchange implodes? Still buying. The whole point is you already made the decision. You're not making it again every time something happens.

I've been tracking my actual cost basis over time. The number that matters isn't today's price. It's the gap between what I've averaged in at and where BTC is when I actually need it. That gap looks different depending on when you check right now my basis looks worse than two weeks ago. It's also lower than it was six months ago because I bought through the whole range.

Not coping. Just saying I spent way too long treating every macro event as a signal when it isn't. Not for this strategy.

Next few days will be full of people explaining exactly why this one is different and where the bottom is. They might even be right. Still buying Friday.

most people won’t listen, and that’s okay. let the world and the money it operates on answer their questions for them. with time, all roads lead to everyone buying Bitcoin. so stop wasting time, and keep accumulating those bits boys and girls.

P.S. i feel free. thank you Nakamoto.

Apart from not many people accepting bitcoin those who do convert them into Fiat more people would have to accept bitcoins and actually use them as currency.

Right now I see 2 types of people:

1, the bottom is in

2, the bottom is not yet in

Im curious what would convince the people who believe we didnt reached the bottom yet that they are wrong? (I do understand what would convince the second type - if we see a new bottom).

No future major uncertain policy changes, should be up from here.

I think the Clarity act failed this summer by design. I think it will pass just as we're ramping up to the next halving peak. Converging CLARITY and the halving would squeeze more upside out instead of passing the act and waiting another two years.

After the effect the vote on the clarity act had on BTC yesterday, I'm interested in finding a news calendar for crypto to keep an eye on upcoming events.

That said, so far I've scoped out the most popular ones (like cryptomarketcal, and a few others,) and it doesn't seem that any of them had this event on their calendars.

Can't be, right? Something this significant? What am I missing? And is anybody aware of a platform that would include events of significance like this on their calendars?

a certain amount of an asset with a certain fixed supply

absolute sovereignty when held in self custody

no one can stop me from interacting with the network and spending or receiving it

i’m early (you are too!)

it’s the apex money designed to end fiat slavery and cantillon effect forever

its true value is ♾️

do you know what you’ve got too?

Bottom-to-top multiples across four completed cycles:

• 2013 → ×539
• 2017 → ×112
• 2021 → ×21.2
• 2025 → ×7.9

The interesting part isn't that multiples shrink, but how consistently: on a log scale, the ratio between transitions is 0.75, 0.65, and 0.68 (avg ~0.69).

Extending that pattern puts the current cycle at around ×4. That's not a price forecast, it says nothing about timing, just a rate of compression. Even ×7.9 still meant an 8x move, so ×4 would still be a 300% run.

I built a free tool around this idea that refits historical bands to each cycle's actual floor and peak instead of forcing every cycle onto one fixed curve. Methodology and interactive chart at bitcoinomics.io, no signup, no ads.

Here's my actual question though: three transitions are obviously a tiny sample. Is there any reason to think that a 0.69 ratio means something, or am I just fitting a line to four points and calling it a pattern?

Fed rate hike going to cause another dip ?

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

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Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

I’m preparing for a MMORPG named Aion 2 lately; while I can't top up my account through standard channels in my region, using BTC allows me to fund my gameplay. So I feel so good and so lucky to hold cryptocurrency—paying with it is incredibly convenient.

​

Well, if it didn't pass, it didn't pass.

Just grab a cup of coffee and keep working.

It's as simple as that-nothing more.

We are eventually going to mint this for $100k and keep your taxes. You keep what you got.

Did normal everyday people first start mining btc in early 2010 vs 2009?

What was satoshi doing before august 2008? If i was an average joe, how could i have known about btc in 2008 as to be mining in early 2009??

Invest now or hold off ?

Do you think its worth going in now ?
I’ve been sitting on some cash waiting for a decent dip, and I’m wondering whether we might see a bit of a slow bleed over the next week or two and potentially get cheaper entries.
Do you think there’s a realistic chance BTC gets back into the **$60Ks** over the next couple of weeks heading into October, or do you think the current levels could be around the bottom?
Keen to hear everyone’s thoughts and reasoning. Just trying to plan my entries rather than FOMO in.

Mid-September always brings some interesting Bitcoin moves.

Watching the network activity lately shows steady hands holding through the noise.

denntech.io crypto scanner has been useful for tracking on-chain metrics without overcomplicating things.

Curious what others are seeing in the data right now.

I have no clue

We published three history pieces this week, each walked through the actual blocks and transactions rather than retold from memory.

The 2010 inflation bug. Block 74,638: 184.4 billion BTC minted through an integer overflow, fixed in five hours. Minute-by-minute post-mortem:

https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-hole/inflation-bug-postmortem

The halvings. 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125 BTC, converging on 21 million around 2140, with halving five due at height 1,050,000 (around April 2028).

https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/halving-halvening

Mt. Gox. About 70% of global volume in early 2014, 850,000 BTC announced missing, 200,000 found weeks later, payouts starting a decade on. The custody-failure entries (Gox, QuadrigaCX, FTX, Celsius/Genesis/3AC, BlockFi, Voyager) are all up now:

https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/mt-gox

holding bitcoin when price is going up is easy

the bear market has a way of shaking out the weak, it is a crucible, only the toughest survive

keep a long term mindset, remember that no government can debase you or confiscate your bitcoin

the only real risk to your bitcoin is you

I don’t think this needs to be said, but just in case.

There will always be a narrative. Regulations, administrations, elections, wars, inflation, headlines, FUD—the noise never stops.

If you believe Bitcoin is fundamentally important, keep investing according to your plan and stop letting every headline dictate your conviction.

And remember: one party robs the bank, and the other drives the getaway car. That includes all administrations.

The narrative changes. Bitcoin doesn’t.
Happy HODLing, ya delinquents!

Now go touch grass!

I was looking at BTC's circulating supply and max supply on BYDFi, then went back to a question those figures can't answer.When people say "the chain with the most work wins," where does block validity enter? A node has to consider the block valid before its work matters.

Suppose a miner creates a block that pays itself more than the allowed subsidy. Nodes enforcing the existing rules reject it. Adding another block, and then another, does not repair the invalid payment. Accumulated work is used to choose among valid chains. It is not a permit to ignore the supply rule.

Miners could run different software and build on different rules, but everyone else does not automatically follow them. Users, exchanges and merchants still choose which rules their own software and services accept. Running a thousand extra nodes would not create a thousand protocol votes either. Each node validates what it receives.

The supply limit holds as long as participants keep enforcing it. Miners do not get a separate override.

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

At the same time, Bitcoin keeps catching my attention. Unlike traditional oil markets, BTC offers true 24/7 liquidity without overnight gaps, fixed session closes, or geopolitical cartel announcements halting trade. However, that constant action comes with its own trade-off: the market literally never sleeps.

Was c++ for early mining easy or hard for people who arent technically savvy in early 2009?

Being in bitcoin for a long time, and extended exposure to the US government has taught me to be excited for nothing and to expect the worst if you ever want to feel good about anything.

So let’s get negative for positivities sake- if this thing fails because the bankers and lobbyists aid off all the opposition, how big do you think the dump will be (temporary yes but still)? 5k, 10k, let’s hear it

Edit- post should say clarity act but hey I love me some charity too

Hey all. I lost 18.25 BTC in the Coldcard hack. Thought you might be interested in some of the behind-the-scenes from a legal side.

Everybody’s all like “just sue them”. If only it were that simple.

You have to sue somebody.

And that somebody needs to have money (or an insurance policy) to cover not just the victims but also the cost of litigation.

In order for there to be a class action lawsuit, there needs to be enough money to recover in order to pay for a class action lawsuit.

Class action lawsuits cost a lot.

In Ontario, where Coinkite is legally responsible, just getting a suit certified by a judge will cost $300,000+. Not only that, the lawsuits are complex, often taking 3-5 years to resolve.

It’s not inconceivable to assume that the litigation costs alone for a class action lawsuit like this will cost upwards of a million dollars. Law firms take them on contingency (for free) by getting outside funding. In the case of a settlement, both the law firm and outside funding party get paid before the victims, who get paid out of whatever is left.

We’re talking about $100+ million dollars that’s been stolen. If Coinkite is found to be legally responsible due to gross negligence, it is a ten-person company in Canada. Where’s the money?

It’s possible that they had cyber liability insurance. But:

1. There’s a limit to what that policy could pay out and
2. Coinkite’s terms explicitly say that there is no insurance covering customers’ coins or the theft/loss of coins stored using a product.

Now, those terms might not hold up in court. If they don’t, it’s going to require a lengthy (and costly) legal battle for, maybe, a fractional recuperation of money that was lost.

All of this to say, from early on, I told people that I did not think that there was going to be a class action lawsuit. Law firms quickly came to the same conclusion as me: there’s not enough money to recover.

There was a major law firm that tried to organize a group case. Their strategy was to act quickly by gathering a small amount of victims that were affected for larger amounts.

The approach made sense on the surface. Bring a small group suit towards Coinkite. Do it quickly. Be one of the first to file. Limit it to $10 million - $15 million because any more than that would risk bankrupting Coinkite and being forced to collect any money owed out of insolvency.

Now the fine print:

“The client group will need to collectively pay a $50,000 CAD retainer fee for us to begin work on reviewing loss holder documents, drafting a demand letter, and potentially drafting a statement of claim (a lawsuit). The retainer fee is not a cap on the fees, but rather a rough estimate for these initial steps, and we could ask for additional fees to be paid after the $50,000 CAD retainer is exhausted.”

I’ll translate:

All us victims were going to be responsible to pay the legal retainer of the law firm starting with $50,000. This might be enough for the firm do the initial research, write a letter to Coinkite, and draft the initial paperwork for a lawsuit.

I challenged the law firm. Asked them if they’d take the case on partial contingency.

They said no.

“We are not taking on any contingency elements in any retainer on this. It does not make sense given the size of Conkite’s Business.”

That’s a bit of tell, right?

If they really believed that there was a lot of money to be had here, that it was as sure as they say it is, a law firm would be happy to accept some of the risk in exchange for a larger part of the upside.

Instead, they said that they don’t think the company has much money but they’d be happy to take mine in order to find out.

The hackers exploited a flaw in Coldcard’s code.

The legal framework is complicated, mysterious, and exploitive to individuals in a similar way.

It allows firms to harvest the remaining capital of desperate people under the banner of "exploring legal options," while bearing absolutely zero accountability if those options lead to a dead end.

When it comes to individuals subjected to fraud, the legal system is fractured, slow-moving, and prohibitively expensive. A textbook example of the gatekeeping of justice.

The system is set up for multi-million dollar institutional clients. For them, a $50,000 retainer is a rounding error. For a regular person like me, that money is a child’s tuition, part of a down payment on a house, or retirement savings.

The tragedy facing all us victims is that our case against Coinkite is strong. They deserve to be sued, lose their company, and face severe consequences. A case against them would very likely be successful. At the very lease, we deserve a fair trial.

But the legal system subjects victims like me to a secondary financial extraction under the guise of offering help. It takes people who have already suffered severe financial and emotional trauma and, instead of offering sanctuary, forces them to buy into a high-stakes game of blind financial faith.

I'm not willing to pay more into lawyer’s pockets. I lack faith in the legal system to recoup my stolen money. The police have already told me their priority is on catching the bad guys, not getting my money back.

Of course, I hope to get back the money that was stolen from me. Maybe one day in the future the bad guys will get caught, Bitcoin recovered, and redistributed to victims. But I can’t depend on that. I choose to view that possible outcome as a welcome bonus. I can’t dwell on it. I have to assume that the money is gone and move on. Too much of it is out of my control. And I refuse to let my life be driven by factors out of my control. My outcome is my responsibility.

This was savings that was put away for my children. It’s lit a fire under my ass to make that money back. They stole my money and gave me a chance to prove myself. Call it a crucible. I’m choosing to view what happened to me as a test. “Prove yourself, Jon. No one’s coming to save you. You got hit. You gonna just lie there. Or you gonna get your ass back up and put one damn foot in front of the other?” You did this once. You made that money once. You have the tools. Do it again.

The New Monetary Era: Why Gold’s rally is just the warm-up act for Bitcoin’s massive surge

Title: The New Monetary Era: Why Gold’s rally is just the warm-up act for Bitcoin’s massive surge

TL;DR: We are entering a new era of fiscal dominance where the government has no choice but to print money. Gold is leading the initial charge as a hedge against dollar debasement, but historically and structurally, Bitcoin is positioning itself as the ultimate successor.

Here is a breakdown of why this shift is happening and what it means for the future of finite assets, based on recent insights from Jack Mallers and the broader market sequence.

1. The Trap of "Fiscal Dominance"

We’ve reached a point where national debt is practically insurmountable. In this economic climate, the government’s only real mechanism to stay afloat is to fire up the money printers. This isn't just a temporary policy shift; it’s an entirely new monetary era. As the US dollar is inevitably devalued to service this debt, traditional confidence in fiat currency is permanently eroding.

2. The Classic Sequence: Gold First, Bitcoin Second

Right now, we are seeing investors flock to finite assets for financial survival. Historically (and in the current cycle), there is an established sequence to how this plays out:

• Phase 1: Gold moves first. Traditional markets and older capital seek out the historical safe haven, causing gold to outperform.
• Phase 2: Bitcoin catches up and goes parabolic. Once the debasement reality sets in, the digital asset surges to vastly higher valuations, leaving gold's percentage gains in the dust.

3. Institutional Demand is Changing the Game

This isn't just retail investors predicting hyperinflation anymore. The mainstream focus on currency debasement has reached Wall Street. With the massive influx of institutional demand—largely driven by the approval and success of Spot ETFs—the floodgates are open. Big money is actively looking for a hedge, and they are recognizing that a digital, globally accessible, and absolutely scarce asset does the job better than heavy metal sitting in a vault.

4. Why Bitcoin is the Ultimate Successor

Jack Mallers argues this perfectly: Gold was the analog solution to an analog problem. Bitcoin is the digital successor. It is vastly superior in its portability, verifiability, and absolute scarcity. While gold serves as a great initial shock-absorber against the collapsing purchasing power of the dollar, Bitcoin is positioned to lead global markets as the ultimate tool for financial survival in the 21st century.

What do you guys think? Are we currently in the middle of the "Gold outperforms" phase before a massive BTC breakout, or will institutional money treat them as equal portfolio hedges moving forward?

I've been trading crypto futures for a few years now. Made decent money in the good stretches, then gave most of it back — usually the same way: too much size, and holding losers way longer than I should have.

Recently I went back through my old trades and it was honestly uncomfortable. Most of my big losses weren't from bad market calls. They were the same 2–3 habits repeated over and over.

So, honest question for people who've been at this a while:

1. Are you actually up overall, after everything?

2. What's the one habit that cost you the most money?

Not looking for signals or strategies — just curious how many people are still standing.

Hi everyone! I’m looking for advice on when to withdraw my Bitcoin. I have two options: if, 365 days after the halving, Bitcoin doubles compared to its halving price—for example, if it was $80,000 at the halving and reaches $160,000—I’ll withdraw everything. Alternatively, if after one year it doesn’t reach that price, I’ll take my Bitcoin, divide by ten, and withdraw that amount each month. For example, if I have two Bitcoin, I’ll withdraw 0.2 Bitcoin every month. What do you think of these strategies? Do you have any similar experiences?”

Hello,

I’m looking for professional help recovering access to an old Bitcoin Core wallet. I purchased Bitcoin around 2010 and still have the wallet, but unfortunately I no longer remember the password.

I have the original wallet file and can provide any relevant information I have about the wallet and its history. I’m looking for someone experienced in Bitcoin Core wallet recovery who can help me determine whether the wallet can be accessed or the password recovered.

Please let me know if this is something you can assist with and what information you would need from me to assess the situation.

Thank you.

I see a lot of people who are new or don’t understand bitcoin completely focusing on the wrong things. Instead of asking what money is or why bitcoin was even created in the first place, they look at the up and downs price of bitcoin in fiat value. If someone was to do even 2 hours of research, they will find the answers they need. We live in a time where we have all the information right at the tip of our fingertips but yet don’t want to do the research. We have the technology and live like kings but financially live like peasants.

For you to understand or accept bitcoin, you just accept the concept and the mindset first. Bitcoin is a philosophy. You must understand the existence of it and why it is so valuable. I consider it like a religion almost. Like you are trying to tell an atheist about Christianity, Buddhism or the Muslim religion. They have made up their mind already. Which is why you can’t force this ideology onto every and not everyone will accept it. Even when it gets big.

I got into a debate with my dad about it because I was telling my little sister about money and bitcoin and the differences between fiat and bitcoin. He was trying to tell me not to tell her about that and that you believe and research what I want but don’t try to enforce that ideology onto her. I understand he is coming from a place of care because he is worried about me and the possibility of losing everything since nothing is guaranteed. But the difference between me and him is the knowledge vs no knowledge. Someone who hasn’t done their research or know much about a topic will bring out their feelings and worries before talking about the pros.

Growing up, I’ve never had anyone teach me about money, the market or investing. I had to find it myself. As someone who hasn’t had anyone, I wanted to be that person for my younger sister. To help educate her and to help protect her by sharing knowledge. Which brings me back to the title of this thread. Bitcoin is first a mindset before an asset. Someone who doesn’t believe in it or thinks it’s a gamble will always think like that, before it’s too late. You can state the facts and reasonings why and they will deflect it. I guess I made this to really just yap because I’ve noticed to mostly everyone I’ve mentioned it to, instead of trying to understand they deflect and seem uninterested in how the world works.

You can’t enforce the ideology onto everyone and expect people to understand. Everyone has their own timing and they must find bitcoin themselves. They must want to learn it and understand it. I’ve seen it in this thread too. People expressing their own worries about it and that’s completely valid. But once you spend a couple hours of your day and time researching, you will understand why so many people believe and have this philosophy or ideology around it. Most people who have spent maybe 20-30 hours researching it hasn’t ever told me it’s a worthless store of value. Knowledge is everything and the more you know, the more you see and understand. Eventually it will click for the global population but by then, it will be late.

Store your HW wallet with desiccant packs or moisture absorbing beads. Or rice even simpler.

Avoid fire resistant briefcases, the hard sided ones with a key. They have tons of moisture. Enough to mold paper and damage or destroy a hardware wallet.

I've been thinking about a mistake we make when talking about self-hosting: we often treat physical control of the server as if it automatically meant privacy.

You can run Bitcoin Core at home, verify everything yourself and still expose your residential IP through port forwarding, DNS, Docker networking or other services running beside the node.

So I put together a practical architecture I've been working through:

Internet → disposable VPS → WireGuard → home server

The VPS is only the public edge. No wallet seed, no Bitcoin RPC, no Lightning secrets. Bitcoin Core stays home and can use Tor. Administrative services stay private. If the VPS disappears, the goal is that you replace it rather than lose anything important.

I also went into some easy-to-miss problems: Docker published ports vs UFW, Bitcoin Core's current NAT-PMP behavior, historical DNS leaks, what the VPS/ISP can still observe, and why a WireGuard tunnel should not automatically have access to your entire LAN.

Full guide:
https://davidebtc186.substack.com/p/your-bitcoin-node-is-self-hosted

I'm curious how people here handle this. If you run Core at home, do you use Tor only, direct clearnet, or some kind of remote ingress?

Ask (and answer!) away! Here are the general rules:

• If you'd like to learn something, ask.
• If you'd like to share knowledge, answer.
• Any question about Bitcoin is fair game.

And don't forget to check out /r/BitcoinBeginners

You can sort by new to see the latest questions that may not be answered yet.

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

A few days ago I made a post here asking how Bitcoin actually works, because I’d done a bunch of research and somehow still felt like I understood none of it.** **Just wanted to come back and say thank you to everyone who took the time to answer my original post.

I honestly wasn’t expecting that many people to actually explain things properly. Some of you managed to explain concepts that I’d been reading about for days in a few paragraphs, and somehow *that* was what finally made them click.

The biggest thing I took away is that Bitcoin makes much more sense when you stop thinking of it as “digital money sitting inside a wallet” and start thinking about ownership being represented by entries on a shared ledger, with your private key proving that you have the authority to move the relevant coins. That one distinction cleared up a ridiculous amount of confusion for me.

I’m also starting to appreciate why people keep saying **“not your keys, not your coins.”** Before this, it sounded like one of those crypto phrases people repeat because they’re supposed to. Now I actually understand what it’s warning about.

And to everyone who messaged me privately with explanations, examples, diagrams, videos, and general advice — thank you. There were genuinely some very knowledgeable and patient people in my DMs.

There were also… other people. ????

Apparently the moment a woman says “I don’t understand Bitcoin” on Reddit, the blockchain isn’t the only network that becomes active.

I received several variations of:
“I can help you recover your wallet.”
“Do you have a wallet already?”
“Send me your seed phrase and I’ll show you.”

And one particularly ambitious person apparently had a *very special* investment opportunity for me.

So thank you to the scammers too, I suppose. You provided a surprisingly practical lesson in another important part of crypto: **if someone asks for your seed phrase, private key, password, or remote access, the conversation is over.**

Ironically, some of the best education I got from this post wasn’t even about Bitcoin itself. It was about how much of the ecosystem depends on understanding what you control, what you don’t control, and who you’re trusting.

I went from “what actually happens when I press send?” to understanding UTXOs, private keys, signatures, confirmations, mining, nodes, and why the network doesn’t need one central person sitting there approving everyone’s transactions.

Still a lot to learn, obviously. I’m definitely not about to start calling myself a Bitcoin expert after one Reddit post. ????

But at least now when someone says **“Bitcoin is just numbers on a blockchain,”** I have a much better idea of what those numbers actually represent.

Thanks again to everyone who genuinely helped. Reddit can be chaotic, but this was one of those occasions where the good side of the community really showed up.

Any alternative to Boltz now not operating anymore?

A few weeks ago I posted here about my project to turn a regular PC into an air-gapped Bitcoin signing device.

I honestly didn't expect that the project to get this much attention in a short time. Thank you to everyone who tested it, gave feedback, opened issues, or simply took the time to discuss the idea.

I also received some Lightning and on-chain donations, which I really did not expect. Thank you for that as well. It was a nice surprise and gave me extra motivation to keep working on the project.

Since the last post, SignerOS has moved quite a bit further.

v1.2.0 is now released, with three things I consider especially important:

Secure Boot: you can now sign an already built image with your own key. There is also a shim-based option for machines that don't allow users to enroll their own Secure Boot keys.

Stricter PSBT checks: SignerOS now refuses some transactions that could previously only generate a warning, including non-SIGHASH_ALL transactions.

Reproducible builds: the published image can now be reproduced and independently verified.

There is still a lot to do. I want to keep the project small and simple rather than turning it into another full-featured wallet or operating system.

The main idea is still the same: use an ordinary PC as a temporary, stateless, air-gapped Bitcoin signing device.

Thanks again to everyone who showed interest in the project.

Project:

https://signeros.org/

https://github.com/signeros/signeros

I would especially appreciate feedback from people who have experience with hardware wallets, multisig, Secure Boot, or air-gapped signing.

I am very uneducated when its comes to bitcoin. I know a little bit but i need to use bitcoin for online transactions. Where do i start and how can i make it more privacy focused as bitcoin is still pretty traceable. I dont really want to use a bitcoin atm due to the high fees as i am only buying a small amount. Any advice will help!

threw $50 in years ago just to see what the hype was about, then forgot the account existed. found the login recently going through old emails

not saying the number, don't want to jinx it, but ignoring it was accidentally the best strategy I never intended to have

anyone else have a "forgotten" crypto story, good or bad?

Everyone in this market know the clarity law will not pass voting on September 15th, everyone knows the bank of reserve will increase interest 0.25.....but still buyers don't give a fuck to these events!!! Me personally that shocked me, I didn't anticipate them to still holding their assets....if we look at the history, buyers were selling under any bad news like tariffs...but now they don't want to sell!!!

If they are able to hold just 3 more weeks, Bitcoin Will reach out 86k as the next station, then 92, and at 100 on next December.

Everyone knows the money are rotating between market, before money went to the gold ????, then S & P 500 , the next market is the Bitcoin, the only left obstacle is October!! Because a lot of investors are scared from this month.

I just found out that I can buy Bitcoin directly from my Trezor Safe 5. I’m assuming that this transaction bypasses the need for exchanges like Crypto.com, which in turn, allows me to purchase Bitcoin for a bit cheaper, since there is no spread. Does anyone else do this?

Lots of new people buy the dip then sell the moment it ticks down again.

They treat every small move like it means the end is near.

Bitcoin rewards patience more than timing. I learned that the hard way a few cycles ago.

Stick to what you understand about the network and ignore the noise.

Hi everyone. I’m the founder of PENGER, a project making metal backups for Bitcoin recovery phrases. This is my own commercial product, and I want to be transparent about that. I’m posting to get feedback on the design and the thinking behind it, rather than turn this into a sales thread.

I’m not claiming to have invented metal seed storage or a new security standard. My question is whether a more carefully finished product, with clear instructions and thoughtful support, adds something worthwhile to an already familiar idea.

What it actually is

The design is a solid, 2.5 mm-thick plate, with stainless steel and titanium versions and an optional leather sleeve. There is space for up to 24 BIP39 words, which the owner records using a center punch rather than assembling individual letter tiles.

Instead of stamping the words themselves, you record their positions in the BIP39 word list, preserving the original word order. Our layout uses word-list positions 1–2048, represented on a 12-position binary grid. To read it back, you add the marked values and look up the corresponding word. This is a physical recording convention, not a modification to BIP39.

The backup can be made and decoded offline using the documented layout and the correct word list. You do not need a PENGER account, an app, or our website to read the plate. Our online practice tools are for public example words only—not real recovery phrases. We do not need to see anyone’s seed to provide instructions or support.

There is a usability trade-off here: you avoid assembling letters, but you introduce a word-to-number conversion and a decoding step. I would rather discuss that honestly than assume a compact grid is automatically easier for everyone.

What it does—and does not—protect against

The purpose is to replace paper with a more durable recording medium. But the metal grade and thickness alone are not proof that a finished backup will survive a particular disaster. The useful question is whether the information remains recoverable after heat, corrosion or deformation—not just what temperature the material melts at.

This is a replacement for paper, not a replacement for multisig, a passphrase strategy, or a recovery plan. Those address different parts of self-custody. Encoding words as dots is not encryption: someone who can read the plate can reconstruct the recorded phrase. The plate does not change what additional keys or passphrases your wallet requires.

The leather sleeve is about handling and finish. I’m not presenting it as a security boundary or as fire protection.

Why make another one?

The direction I’m interested in is a more refined physical product without making the security model more complicated: a readable layout, consistent workmanship, an optional sleeve, clear setup instructions and useful support.

We also provide free educational material on self-custody and operational security. I want that part to be useful independently of whether someone buys a plate: understanding what they are backing up, practising without real secrets, checking their work and thinking through recovery.

That is what I mean by a more premium option—not stronger cryptography because it comes in leather. The extra value has to be in the execution and the experience, and I’m interested in whether that distinction matters to people here.

I’d particularly appreciate feedback on three things:

• Recording and recovery: would you be comfortable using a number grid, or would you prefer directly readable words or letters?
• Evidence: what durability tests and recovery demonstrations would you expect before trusting a product like this?
• Practical value: do the finishing, optional sleeve, documentation and support add something worthwhile, or would you rather have the simplest possible plate?

Specific criticism is welcome. “I would still choose DIY” is useful feedback too, especially with an explanation of what matters most to you.

Please keep the discussion general—no real recovery phrases, photos of completed backups, or details about where you store them.

Before 2020, I used to enter incorrect payment references when buying Bitcoin—a common practice at the time; in fact, Binance even has an article about it: https://www.binance.com/en/support/faq/detail/360037619471 ("Avoid any mention of cryptocurrency or related phrases in the payment reference/notes"). Instead of "Bitcoin purchase," I would write "music payment." I also traded on the no-KYC platform BitMEX. What should I do with these Bitcoins now? How can I exchange them for euros? Which exchange allows me to complete the Source of Funds (SoF) and Source of Wealth (SoW) verification? How can I use these Bitcoins now? I assume I won't pass compliance checks at any exchange, and no bank will want to accept these funds.

I'm stacking sats, monthly DCA, will be holding for the next 15+ years, What is the optimal utxo management taxwise and feewise?

Can someone explain for example how insecure of would be to have 1 vendor that's compromised? I mean they would need the other keys plus the descriptor to. 2-3. Like they said remove the coldcard if you have one. Even with 2 corrupted wallets you would need the descriptor

Clarity act fail

How big a pullback do we see if the clarity act doesn’t get voted through ? 10% 20% ? Do you think that would be probably be the last big dip prior to the end of the bear market

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

Between buying and mining throughout 2010, which would have acquired more btc? From early to late 2010...

It starts with a question: "who decides how much money exists, and what happens to you when they decide wrong?"

Basically, your paycheck buys less than it did five years ago. Rent outran wages. And the "safe" move — cash sitting in a savings account — quietly loses value every year. That's not bad luck or bad budgeting.

Here's the part nobody explains: when the money supply expands, the new money doesn't show up everywhere at once. It hits banks, governments, and asset holders first. By the time it reaches a wage earner, prices have already moved. People who owned things got richer, but people who saved money got poorer. Nobody voted on that.

Bitcoin's pitch is narrow: it's money with rules nobody can change. 21 million, ever. No committee can print more during an election year or a crisis. You can hold it without a bank's permission, send it across a border on a Sunday without a wire fee, and no one can freeze it because your name got flagged. For most Americans that sounds abstract… but for someone in Argentina, Lebanon, Nigeria, or Venezuela, it's the difference between keeping their savings and watching them evaporate.

You don't need Bitcoin the way you need water. You need it the way you need a fire exit — most days it's irrelevant, and then one day it's the only thing that matters.

The case was never that Bitcoin is perfect money. It's that having an alternative nobody controls is worth something — and that "something" gets more valuable the less people trust the system they're stuck with.

KYC is getting more dangerous by day. Once you'll have enough of this, have a look at BISQ, Robosats, HodlHodl, PeachBitcoin or Vexl instead.

The idea started from something that bothered me with hardware wallets and other similar devices, and it really sparked during the coldcard mishap (which shows that letting the hw generate the seed for you is not ideal for real cold storage). Dont get me wrong, I still really like the coldcard hw but the reality of things is that software bugs will always be present no matter what. Ledger and Trezor are no exceptions.

Of course some hardware wallets allow you to provide your own entropy, for example using dice rolls. This is already much better than blindly trusting an internal rng, but imho there is still one part of the process you have to trust: you cannot usually verify, step by step, that the entropy bits you provided are actually being mapped to the correct BIP-39 words.

You provide the entropy, and eventually the wallet shows you a mnemonic.

But what happened in between?

This device is meant to solve exactly this problem.

I made a similar project before this one but the word-building process wasn't fully auditable, Redditors pointed out this problem, which I really appreciated.

This device does not generate entropy. You generate it yourself using coin flips or dice rolls. The device only helps you convert that entropy into a BIP-39 mnemonic and calculate the checksum required for the final word.

While entering the entropy, the 2x16 LCD shows the current 11-bit group being built. When the 11 bits are complete, it shows the decimal index and the corresponding BIP-39 word.

For example, this is the 7th word while being built, with only 5 bits entered so far:

+----------------+ |W07 11000______ | |A:H=0 B:T=1 | +----------------+ 

...and this is the final result once all 11 bits have been entered:

+----------------+ |W07 11000010110 | |1558 security | +----------------+ 

So you can independently check:

11000010110 -> 1558 -> security 

against any BIP-39 wordlist, even a wordlist as pdf or txt file on your computer, it doesn't have to be on paper. Indexes are 0-based !!!

This happens for every word.

The final word is the only special one because part of its 11 bits comes from the SHA-256 checksum. For a 24-word mnemonic, for example:

+----------------+ |W24 101|01100110| |1382 <word> | +----------------+ 

The 101 bits come directly from your entropy, while the remaining 8 bits are the checksum calculated by the device.

Unlike the previous project, this one currently supports 12, 18 and 24 word BIP-39 mnemonics, with three entropy input methods: direct coin flips, Von Neumann debiased coin flips, and dice rolls. Von Neumann allows to get statistically fair results from a biased coin (any real word coin is slightly biased of course).

The goal is basically to have a very small device where you provide the randomness and you can audit the entropy-to-word conversion while it happens, instead of trusting a hardware wallet to do that part correctly behind the scenes.

Project here:

https://github.com/gianlucag/LastWord

I would really appreciate any feedback, or simply whether you think this approach makes sense

some of you may recognise me from the "Buying btc underage" post, i looked at the comments on that and some people said P2P. I came to a conclusion that this may be the only fast simple short method of buying btc thatll work for me.

Does anyone in this community know how to buy crypto P2P? like is there any person that does it, is there a website that allows P2P and isn't kyc, etc.. (im trying to buy with GBP btw)

If anyone does, please let me know here or in my messages.

I have liquid bitcoin on Sideswap
It won’t let peg out . I sent it to Blockstream liquid and it won’t let me swap . Do anyone know how long will the servers be down ?

Ben Delo: £36m
Christopher Harborne: £36m

Both are crypto billionaires. And Farage has made no secret of wanting the UK to become a global crypto hub.

Is this a good sign for Bitcoin and crypto adoption in the UK?

If Reform gains serious political power, does this money end up accelerating pro-crypto regulation and adoption or does the association with billionaire political donations create a backlash against crypto?

how can ı change Native SegWit (bech32) balance to natıve btc

blue wallet segwıt btc transfer faıl
ı am tryıng to send my segwıt btc balance whıch ıs seen on the bluewallet
but ı can not send to another bluewallet account
ıt gıves the error of blue wallet

ınvalıd arguments for psbt,addinput requires single object with at least [hash] and [ındex] ıt gıves thıs error

how can ı solve ıt

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

Hey guys, seeing tons of mixed takes on where we are in the cycle right now. Some of you are waiting for one last brutal capitulation wick, while others think we're already carving out a macro floor.

I know nobody has a working crystal ball, but I’m curious where the sentiment is:

- ​Timeline: Are you expecting the bottom in the next few months or dragging into next year?

- ​Signals: What are you watching most closely? (MVRV, hash ribbons, macro, pure TA?)

- ​Playbook: DCA'ing now, or sitting on cash waiting for a deeper dump?

​Not asking for financial advice, just curious how everyone's positioning

谁会搭建ai自动交易扫链冲土狗。？

Is it still reliable for creating multi sig wallets after the cold card incident or should I consider a different option?

Bitcoin was created around the idea of allowing people to transact directly, without relying on trusted third parties.

But today, exchanges, custodians, payment companies, and ETFs sit between many people and their Bitcoin.

They’re useful and clearly helping with adoption. But I wonder if, in making Bitcoin easier to use, we’re also rebuilding some of the intermediary system that Bitcoin was trying to move away from.

Maybe that’s not necessarily a contradiction. Bitcoin still gives people the choice: use an intermediary for convenience, or hold and transact directly through self-custody.

That tension is what I find interesting.

As someone who has reshuffled and gone BTC only.

What is the importance of

0.1 btc
0.25 btc
0.5 btc
1btc

In 10 or even 20 years how valuable will this be and currently what % of holders has hit these milestones

As institutions explore digital asset banking, risk teams keep finding gaps. Key management has no banking analogue. Smart contract risk, blockchain congestion, validator slashing, oracle failures, settlement finality differences, all outside conventional taxonomies.

I landed on a hybrid, Basel where possible, new categories where not. Weighting is unclear with limited loss data.

Building new categories, adapting, or hybrid. How are you calibrating.

Watching funds choose a digital asset platform and the framing is backwards. They evaluate it like software when what matters is who holds the keys, how assets are segregated, and what happens if the provider fails. The software is replaceable. The custody structure is not. Pick on the structure, not the dashboard.

Yes, I know that BTC appears to be “alive” at the moment, but this group should be posting and reading information like this so as to stay current with bigger picture ideas, especially if you plan on owning a house one day and don’t want to sell your holdings/HODLings.

Better + Coinbase now let you use BTC for your house down payment without selling it.

You get 2 loans. One is a normal Fannie Mae mortgage on the house. The second one covers your down payment and that one is backed by your BTC.

You have to lock up 2.5x what you borrow. So if you need 100k for down payment you pledge 250k in BTC. Your BTC goes into Better's custody on Coinbase.

No tax event when you pledge because you didn't sell. You keep your BTC upside.

No margin calls if BTC dumps. They only touch your BTC if you miss payments for 60+ days.

Catch: Better can reuse your BTC while they hold it, they just have to give you the same amount back later. And you can't get your BTC back until your main mortgage is paid off or refinanced, even if you pay off the down payment loan early. So it could be locked for 30 years.

Rates are a bit higher than a normal mortgage, like 0.5% to 1.5% more.

TLDR for BTC maxis: you don't sell, you don't pay cap gains, you don't get liquidated on a dip, but you give up custody for a long time and trust Better to give it back.
What happens if Better goes bankrupt while holding my BTC?
Run the math for a 500k house with 100k down
Why is this better than just selling BTC for the down payment?

1. ⁠What are some tips for determining when to sell my bitcoin?
   
2. What is the best platform for Australian investors? I am looking to work on mobile

Thanks a lot for your help

I've spent the week trying to understand the Liquid incident beyond the "$320M hack" headline.

The part I find most interesting is that this apparently wasn't a federation key compromise.

The federation keys weren't reported stolen. SideSwap says its PAK wasn't compromised. Yet roughly 4,000 unbacked L-BTC were created and eventually resulted in real BTC leaving the federation wallet through a valid peg-out path.

That changes the security question completely.

A multisig can protect against unauthorized signing.

But what happens when authorized signers are operating on state that the software incorrectly considers valid?

I dug into the Elements 23.3.4 changes, range-proof verification caching, SideSwap's role in the peg-out, the federation model and the distinction between Bitcoin consensus and Liquid's additional assumptions.

I also tried to separate what Liquid has officially confirmed from what independent researchers have reconstructed so far.

Full analysis:

Bitcoin Didn't Break. Everything Around It Keeps Reminding Us Why Bitcoin Exists

I'm particularly interested in technical criticism of the analysis.

If you've been following the Elements commits or have a better understanding of the cache failure, I'd like to hear it.

Unusual activity in Bitcoin often shows up through volume shifts or transaction patterns rather than price moves alone. Building a habit of reviewing these on-chain analogs helps separate noise from meaningful network behavior.

Start with this simple framework: first, track daily transaction counts against recent averages to spot volume spikes. Next, examine fee rates per byte during those periods—elevated fees can point to urgency in transfers or block space competition. Then review exchange-related flows by noting wallet cluster behaviors without assuming intent. Finally, compare mempool depth before and after blocks to gauge congestion levels.

Repeat this review weekly using public explorers so the process becomes routine rather than reactive. The goal is understanding how Bitcoin’s base layer handles real usage, not timing trades. Cross-check multiple data views and treat everything as background context only.

You can find free educational videos explaining these Bitcoin metrics on YouTube.

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

Tax implications.

I have a decent amount of BTC stored in Kraken. Already sold some so hit my personal allowance on what’s tax free.

Any other exchanges I could use or potentially loopholes to avoid a very heavy taxable disposable?

Could Bitcoin become the root of a global “stack of truth”?

I’ve been thinking about an architecture that sits somewhere between conventional corporate accounting, private blockchains, and Bitcoin.

The idea is not that a corporate blockchain literally runs inside Bitcoin.

Instead, imagine a hierarchy of increasingly authoritative ledgers.

A machine, factory, department, or subsidiary maintains its own high-resolution internal ledger. Those ledgers roll upward into a corporate ledger. The corporation periodically takes a cryptographic commitment — essentially a hash or Merkle root representing the state of that ledger — and anchors that commitment to Bitcoin.

So you might get something like:

Machine → Department → Company → Industry/Network → Bitcoin

Each layer can contain much more information than Bitcoin should ever contain.

The internal ledger might track:

• invoices
• inventory
• machine output
• internal transfers
• energy consumption
• payroll obligations
• contracts
• Bitcoin reserves
• intercompany transactions

Bitcoin doesn’t need to process all of that.

Bitcoin only needs to provide the hardest external reference point.

The company can say:

“At block X, this was the state of our books.”

If someone later alters the historical internal ledger, the cryptographic commitment no longer matches what was anchored to Bitcoin.

That gives you an interesting separation of responsibilities.

The private corporate ledger provides resolution and speed.

Bitcoin provides scarcity, ordering, timestamping, settlement, and an external source of truth that the corporation itself cannot quietly rewrite.

There is also a recursive relationship here.

A corporation can hold Bitcoin on its internal ledger as a reserve asset while simultaneously anchoring the integrity of that internal ledger back into Bitcoin.

In other words:

Bitcoin is economically represented inside the corporate ledger.

And:

The corporate ledger is cryptographically represented inside Bitcoin.

Now extend the idea.

A supplier and manufacturer could each maintain their own ledgers while periodically committing proofs upward. A parent company could anchor subsidiary ledgers. An industry network could anchor aggregate state.

Eventually you have something resembling a stack of truth.

Not because every piece of information is stored on Bitcoin, but because increasingly large claims about economic reality ultimately terminate at a common ledger whose history is extraordinarily difficult for any one participant to alter.

There are obvious problems:

Privacy.

Garbage-in/garbage-out.

Oracle problems.

Corporate fraud before data reaches the ledger.

Key management.

Whether private blockchains are even necessary versus ordinary databases with cryptographic proofs.

And anchoring something to Bitcoin obviously does not prove that the underlying statement was true. It proves that a particular state existed and was committed to at a particular point in time.

That distinction matters.

But I keep coming back to the architecture.

Rather than asking Bitcoin to become the world computer, perhaps Bitcoin becomes something closer to the world's root economic clock / settlement layer / final integrity anchor, while enormous private information systems exist above it.

The analogy would be less like “everything runs on Bitcoin” and more like the way Internet infrastructure stacks protocols:

Lots of complexity above. One increasingly universal foundation below.

I’m curious whether people here think this architecture has merit.

And specifically:

Does Bitcoin eventually become the root layer against which other economic ledgers prove that their histories have not been rewritten?

After any Bitcoin trade or allocation shift, a quick structured review can reveal patterns that raw price charts miss. Use this five-field log to separate market noise from your own process.

Thesis — State the core reason in one sentence, such as “Bitcoin’s halving cycle historically tightens supply while ETF inflows continue.”
Invalidation — Define the exact condition that would prove the idea wrong, like “a weekly close below the prior cycle low.”
Size rationale — Note why you chose that position size relative to total stack, avoiding arbitrary round numbers.
Emotion — Record your state before, during, and after the decision (FOMO, hesitation, overconfidence).
Process fix — Identify one concrete change for next time, for example “set alerts only on on-chain metrics, not social volume.”

A markdown table with these columns takes minutes to fill and creates an auditable record over multiple cycles. Over time the log shows whether emotions or weak invalidation points are the real drag on results, rather than Bitcoin’s volatility itself.

Reviewing entries every quarter often highlights recurring gaps faster than trying to optimize entries in real time. Check out free review templates on YouTube if you're looking to build better habits.

I've been thinking a lot about how Bitcoin stands apart as a decentralized asset.

It offers a clear alternative to traditional systems that have shown their limits over time.

Curious what others here see as the biggest long-term implications.

When BTC chops in a range I catch myself jumping between too many dashboards.

What is the first metric you check before deciding whether a move is worth studying (funding, open interest, spot volumes, something else)?

I have been using an educational crypto scanner for structured watchlists: https://denntech.io/crypto-scanner

NFA — not financial advice.

Before mining started in january 2009, who knew about btc in 2008? Were computer scientists, cryptography enthusiasts, and cypherpunks the ONLY EXCLUSIVE people who got notification via satoshi's mail list like in october 2008? Apart from the mailing list, what other methods were employed to let people know about btc? How could the average joe know about btc before january 2009 debut online then in the u.s.?

First it was $2 billion, then $4 billion but now it's $6 BILLION (ended up being $5.19 Billion) in buybacks on the long end!

This shows the trouble the US dollar and the US government is in with $40 Trillion in debt. The debt service costs are staggering and nobody wants our IOUs anymore.

This is bullish for Gold, Silver and of course, Bitcoin!!

Just thinking what do you think will happen if the AI bubble pops. Or drops allot to bitcoin prices?

We just published a new Rabbit Hole on Bitcoin privacy:

https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-hole/bitcoin-privacy

It tries to do the thing most privacy writeups skip, which is explain the mechanism before the advice. Two heuristics do most of the tracing work (common-input ownership, which Satoshi flagged in the whitepaper, and change detection). Neither one produces a name. The name comes from the exchange record when you withdraw from a KYC account, and that one label spreads across everything the heuristics grouped with it.

The chapter is honest about the other side. Chain analysis recovered the Colonial Pipeline ransom and the Bitfinex coins, and we say so. It is also run against every ordinary deposit at every exchange, and in the Bitcoin Fog case a Chainalysis executive testified she was not aware of studies establishing the software's error rate. Both things are true.

The 2024 section covers the Samourai arrests, the Wasabi coordinator shutdown, what survived (JoinMarket, and then its own maintenance problems), and the quieter tools that grew in the gap: PayJoin and Silent Payments.

The main takeaway is that most leaks are not on the chain. Public wallet servers, home IPs, and people posting balance screenshots leak more than any heuristic, and the fixes for those are free.

Every claim is sourced at the bottom of the page (DOJ releases, the BIPs, the 2013 UCSD paper, Chainalysis's own report). If we got something wrong, tell us and we will fix it.

Say i wanted to buy $x per month of BTC and have it sent to my hardware wallet automatically with the absolute minimum of hassle. Set and Forget.

Who would y'all recommend?

The lightning network is a second-layer solution on top of the Bitcoin blockchain that enables quick, cheap and scalable Bitcoin payments.

Here is the place to discuss and learn more about lightning!

Ask your questions about lightning

Provide reviews, feedback, comparisons of LN apps, services, websites etc

Learn about new LN features, development, apps

Link to good quality resources (articles, wikis etc)

Resources:

• Here is an awesome list of resources: https://bitcoinfo.org/lightning.html

• Want to test out your lightning fire power? tip the Bitcoin devs! https://bitcoindevlist.com/

• Previous threads: Search

• Lnbook getting closer towards being finished and can already be seen at: https://github.com/lnbook/lnbook

• Lightning Dedicated YouTube Channel: https://youtube.com/renepickhardt

• Also there is the playlist by chaincode labs: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpLH33TRghT17_U3as2P3vHfAGL8pSOOY

• Lightning stores: https://www.lightningnetworkstores.com/

• Learn more and talk about lightning right here in r/Bitcoin, r/bitcoinbeginners and r/thelightningnetwork

An influencing American edition published an article that residents of the developed countries often criticize bitcoin only because of their own financial privilege.

While US citizens are accustomed to a stable dollar and reliable banks, for billions of people around the world the first cryptocurrencies was the only salvation from hyperinflation and authoritarian control.

The author Alex Gladstein recalls that bitcoin appeared after the crisis of 2008 as a protest against the rescue of bankrupt banks at the expense of taxpayers.

Today, in countries such as Nigeria, Egypt or Argentina, where national currencies have collapsed by 70-90%, it protects accumulators of ordinary families from complete annihilation.

The main value of bitcoin is a financial system, where no one can arbitrarily froze other people's money or cancel an honest transfer.

TL;DR — [u/robleregal](u/robleregal): I spent months on your challenge, built dedicated software, tested billions of Electrum seed candidates and derived 50 Bitcoin addresses per seed. On August 11, 2026, I reached the Dropbox vault your site said contained the 20 BTC answer, a second wallet, an encrypted file with guide.txt. The Dropbox account existed, I won’t share the name to let you contact me so you know it’s no lie, but the vault contained 0 files. I contacted you through six email addresses + DM on x and received no reply. I also called the Canadian business address associated with your company and was told the company had not been located there for more than a year.
You said the vault was waiting for whoever was “patient, clever, or blessed enough to reach it.”
Well, I was patient, I was clever enough to build the tooling and ultimately blessed enough to reach the vault.
So [u/robleregal](u/robleregal): you owe me the 20 BTC + the second wallet. ????

I spent a ridiculous amount of time on this challenge.
I built dedicated software for it and tested enormous Electrum seed search spaces, like more than hundreds billions of possible combinations.
For every candidate seed phrase tested, I was deriving and checking 50 Bitcoin addresses per seed.
No hit.
Fine. A hard puzzle can be hard.
But then Roble changed the website and described a Dropbox vault that was supposed to contain:
the correctly ordered seed phrase for the original 20 BTC wallet
a second reward wallet
an encrypted file with guide.txt
On August 11, 2026, I gained access to that Dropbox account.
The account name was:
I keep the display name to prove Roble it’s no lie.

And inside?
0 files.
No encrypted archive.
No guide.txt.
No 20 BTC answer.
No second-wallet seed.
Nothing.
To be clear: I am not claiming that I solved the original seed phrase through the intended puzzle mechanics.
What I am saying is much simpler:
I reached the Dropbox vault that was publicly described as containing those files, and it was empty.
Before posting this, I tried contacting Roble directly at:
[robleregal@gmail.com](mailto:robleregal@gmail.com)
[support@regalrecruits.org](mailto:support@regalrecruits.org)
[ir@regal.investments](mailto:ir@regal.investments)
[hq@regal.holdings](mailto:hq@regal.holdings)
[prosper@regalinvestments.ca](mailto:prosper@regalinvestments.ca)
[prosper@masterboard.ai](mailto:prosper@masterboard.ai)
+ DM on X
I received no response.
I also called the reception desk at the Canadian business address associated with his company.
According to the person I spoke with, the company had not been located at that address for more than a year.
That alone proves nothing. Companies move, emails get ignored, I could even not have the good words in the list I tested.
But combined with an allegedly reward-filled Dropbox vault containing zero files, I think some serious questions are justified.
And Roble, you said the vault was waiting for whoever was “patient, clever, or blessed enough to reach it.”
Well:
Patient? I spent months on this.
Clever? I built dedicated software and tested billions of combinations.
Blessed enough to reach it? I reached the vault.
So by your own wording, I seem to have checked all three boxes.
There was just one problem:
the vault was empty.
So, Roble — where are the files?
Where is the 20 BTC answer?
Where is the second wallet?
And while we’re at it:
[u/robleregal](u/robleregal), you have my BTC address in your mailboxes so you can send me the 20 BTC and the second wallet whenever you’re ready. ????

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

So there is a PPI on Sep 10th 6pm IST.

If the BTC price is at 79500$ at 5:59:59pm and I have set a long at 79,700$ (trigger limit price) and SL is at 79,695$.

At 6:00:00 pm if the market goes up to 79701$ and suddenly falls to 79,300$, will the SL at 79,695$ be hit during high market moments like this? or will it gets executed at even lower price?

Just curious about scenario, I use delta exchange platform.

I have had a Trezor for several years and so has a family member of mine who bought theirs a couple years ago. They received an email from the Trezor domain today saying that there is a vulnerability in the Trezor wallet with insufficient entropy - likely trying to capitalize on the coldcard hack and our fears of another event.

The link provided is likely a phishing attempt - per my family member, safari blocked the website as a dangerous website. If you check your trezor account through the app, and their website, they note the phishing attempt from their domain.

I haven't seen another post related to this topic so I am passing on the message of the phishing email from Trezor. Do not follow it, always stay on alert.

Anyone else got an email saying the STM32 has problems?

At this point the incumbent monetary system has to keep convincing people they don’t need an exit. To continue prevailing Bitcoin only has to keep the exit open.

Which webcam y’all using to scan air gapped qr wallets on sparrow? I have a logi C270 and it doesn’t focus at all, if I put the wallet at a distance where it’s focused the qr is so small it’s unreadable. Any model working well for you?

I bought some bitcoin 2years and 6months ago at the app crypto.com. Is it save or do I need to do something to make it more save?

Like many here, I went thruogh the early phase of trying to orange-pill everyone in my orbit... and was met with the classic blank stare. So I stopped talking about it entirely, went silent, and just stacked for the last several years.

Lately though I’ve noticed a shift. With the cost of living and national debt becoming harder to ignore, the ground seems to have changed. It's palpable with friends and colleagues at the office and conversations come up about inflation, debt and money now that normally wouldn't have in the past. Instead of leading with Bitcoin, I’ve started leading with a simple question when colleagues complain about costs or inflation:

“They can just print money to cover that, so why wouldn’t they?”

It’s surprising how quickly people grasp the basic idea. Sometimes they leave with it and come back later. You don’t need an economics degree to understand that if the supply of money expands, the purchasing power of existing money can be diluted. People seem to have an intuitive sense that money is supposed to preserve some relationship between their time, work, and what they’re able to consume or save, and watching that relationship erode hits a pretty strong chord.

Recently colleagues have been coming back to me to continue the conversation. That’s been interesting. By planting the seed of the problem rather than pitching Bitcoin, the conversation moves away from “number go up” (speculation/risk) and toward a more fundamental question: what should money actually do? The more I think about it, the more I see Bitcoin as an interesting answer to that particular problem, not because it guarantees a return, but because it offers a monetary system with a fundamentally different set of rules around supply and ownership. It appears that most don't even realize they are 'stuck' in a system that is fiat, and there is an alternative, because they never question the unit of account that they consider solid, unavoidable.

Anyway, just elaborating now on something I've noticed about how receptive people seem to be today to discuss Bitcoin when it was so taboo not long ago. Whether that's due to changing times or change in tactic... it's been much more productive way to introduce people to it. Inflation and monetary debasement can push people toward increasingly risky ways of trying to preserve their purchasing power. Bitcoin gives another thing to investigate: an asset with a credibly constrained supply and no central issuer, rather than a speculative thing that 'fluctuates' wildly as monetary policy ebbs and flows.

I’m curious if others here are seeing the same thing. Have conversations about inflation, debt, and monetary policy become an easier way to get people interested in Bitcoin without actually leading with Bitcoin? What questions or explanations have you found make people stop and think rather than immediately putting up the mental firewall? Or do you just avoid the topic entirely for personal safety, and to avoid social friction?

Going abroad soon and wondering how practical it is to actually use crypto day to day instead of constantly converting to local currency.

Anyone actually using crypto day to day while abroad? What’s been the least annoying way to pay for stuff?

This is my first bear market so I apologize if I sound unsure or ill informed. I have been DCA bitcoin for the past three years now with full intentions on doubling down my DCA during the bear market bottom. For the people that DCA, do you ever change your DCA figure or do you truly purchase the same amount throughout the entire course of the cycle?

I'm planning to buy half a bitcoin or a little bit more than that. However, i have worked so hard fo it and i have been saving for this money and that's the only investment I'm making online this year, the problem that is holding me back is that lately the news full of bitcoin addresses and crypto wallets and crypto platforms getting hacked leaving ppl's wallets absolutely empty ????. I would loose my mind sth as horrible as that happens to me.

It looks like the fed's runway to control the economy by hiking rates is getting dangerously short.

As a possible solution (Tin foil time), what if the feds pull a 1933 Roosevelt gold revaluation (except this time with Bitcoin)?

The effect would be similar, which is (i) reduce the nation's debt by devaluing the dollar, (ii) reduce the real value of future static dollar interest payments on bonds for the same reason and (iii) start a significant market rally as stocks have illusory "gain" to catch up with the dollar's devaluation.

The play is rather simple:

1. Slowly acquire a significant portion of the bitcoin float as a reserve asset (already in play)
2. Announce that the U.S. will lend cash with unlimited liquidity secured by BTC based upon a 80% LTV, with 1 BTC valued at a minimum of $200K.

That's it; the debt issue is largely resolved. If the government is willing to (and does) provide that it will honor for say 10+ years, 80% LTV ($160K cash) for 1 BTC at a floor $200K valuation, that would create an enormous arbitrage against the U.S. for a short period. The market would buy bitcoin up until it no longer makes financial sense to arbitrage the U.S.'s lending program.

So long as the fed holds this liquidity open and honors the floor, this plan can work.

This alone would work similar to Roosevelt's 1933 plan. The U.S. would manipulate BTC's price to artificially (or perhaps actually by purchase volume) increase, thereby increasing the value of its own holdings and devaluing the dollar in real time. The dollar would be capable of buying less BTC for the same amount it previously did a few days prior. Thus, indirectly the dollar is devalued equal around the price difference between BTC price before and shortly after the announcement.

Who this would absolutely wreck:

1. countries holding U.S. bonds are chief losers
2. anyone holding cash
3. any note/bond holder to be repaid in fixed cash or an interest rate based upon a principal cash value
4. at least for some time, the lower/middle class who will feel price adjustments for goods and services probably before real salary/hourly wage growth matching the dollar devaluation

Of course, the chief winners of this plan are:

1. U.S. government is the chief winner, slashing its real debt by 30-50% overnight
2. any debt holder or note maker (aka large amounts of the U.S. population with mortgage, credit card, auto and personal debt; each would realize a net benefit of deflation of his or her debt owed).

Probably too tin foil, but I'd like to hear thoughts. I will note that there are some attempts at track BTC held by the feds, but I do not see any official reporting. Is that somewhere?

-----------
TLDR; What if the U.S. pulls a 1933 Roosevelt-style gold revaluation, but with BTC instead?

Basically: feds quietly accumulate BTC → announce a guarantee of ultimate 80% LTV cash liquidity at a $200K/BTC floor for 10+ years → watch BTC rip to eat this temporary arbitrage

Fed's BTC holdings moon, the dollar thus devalues overnight in purchasing power and stocks/assets reprice upward sharply.

Cash/bond holders get rekt (volume wise, primarily other countries).

Debtors (feds and large amounts of the U.S. population) and asset holders win. In particular, the U.S. wipes out 30-50% of its debt overnight in devaluation of the dollar, while securing a hedge against this by its own BTC holdings.

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it looks like they will vote on it on 25 September

What implication does it have for Crypto?

Will it pump the market?

Ok, so Iran just bombed Jordan in retaliation for the 5 tankers attacked but the US. Major escalation and who knows where we drift from here. My question to you all… is BTC a safe heaven during war times or will it suffer from this escalating uncertainty? Is it best to sell before this becomes and all out war? Or should we buy more BTC as national currencies and bonds are going to tank with the rampant deficits and inflation? At least BTC is not tied to any countries but will people retreat towards material assets such as real estate? Thks a million for your precious insights!

How hard or easy was mining in early 2010? Whats the most anyone could have mined? Like more than 50000 individual btcs?

just a random quote my cheesy Motivation app on my phone spewed out to me a few hours ago.

thought it was very fitting in here since Bitcoin, and many of those actively participating in the global financial ecosystem, have only lived and resided within an easy-money era.

this is partly why learning about Bitcoin leads you down that deep, dark, misunderstood, scary abyss about money, that no one else seems to have time to explore, because they’re too busy chasing the same easy money.

when you invest your energy wisely, you learn to be more vigilant about how you’re storing your currency, by understanding what it is that you’re storing— which is some form of unspent energy.

and being vigilant about how you invest your unspent energy, couldn’t be more important now than it has ever been since 1915.

the world needs Bitcoin, all the price says today is that the vast majority just don’t know it yet.

Could someone mine as much btc in early but on dialup internet? What about wireless broadband like satellite internet but instead of a dish on rooftop theres an antenna instead??

One thing that doesn't get discussed enough is how owning Bitcoin can change the way you look at spending.

When your savings are sitting in something you believe could appreciate over time, buying random stuff starts to feel different

A $100 impulse purchase isn't just $100 anymore. You start thinking about what that money could become if you held onto it

Has anyone else noticed this?

Did getting into Bitcoin make you more financially disciplined, or do you separate your Bitcoin stack completely from your normal spending decisions?

at some point in the future the Bitcoin price will undergo a step function and increase in price by orders of magnitude in a relatively short period of time

the cause of the step function will largely be due to a kind of hundredth monkey effect where a tipping point of the population benefiting from bitcoin will be reached then everyone else will just sort of “get it” at the same time

After Coldcard many have started to doubt hardware wallets, and OG-s like Saifedean Ammous have been proposing simply using Bitcoin Core.

But for me, core has a huge drawback - no mnemonic seed phrases. When using core, your seed is only machine-readable and has to be stored using digital media - USB drives, CD-s - which, apart from degrading much faster than a piece of metal, are physical.

I like the fact that mnemonic phrases allow me cross borders or escape tyrannical regimes with nothing but the clothes on my back and still have all my savings with me. I think it's a hugely important facet of bitcoin.

What i'm thinking is - is there a homemade ratchet solution for safely viewing the smallest amount of information in wallet.dat that one would need to restore ones bitcoin even if all his digital devices and backups are destroyed, converting that information into a binary string and manually matching 11-bit sections of it to words in the BIP-39 word list?

As i understand, in legacy wallets one could use the dumpwallet command which shows the seed in Wallet Import Format. That WIF could have been converted into 256 bits of binary and matched to 23 words in the BIP-39 wordlist, with just 3 extra bits to remember. But today, with descriptors and all that jazz, i don't really understand how it should work.

NB: I'm not trying to make Core accept BIP-39 passphrases. I'm just trying to find the shortest string of binary information i would need to always be able to restore my wallet in bitcoin core. The BIP-39 wordlist is simply an already available, widely circulated piece of text that's reasonable to use to make that string of binary information into a mnemonic phrase.

Please enlighten me.

I want to DCA average $100 into btc every week at 3x margin. I would do this on Kraken. My plan is to do it for the next 24 months, I will not sell any btc during this time. Every trade will be with 3x margin. I’m told the fees could eat me alive.

Good idea or bad idea? To much margin or not enough? Thank you

Every base on this chart followed the same shape, long slow accumulation, then a fast release once it actually goes. The 2020 base took months of sideways grinding before the real move started. Same with the base before that. The pattern's been consistent every single time.

Thats backwards from how people usually watch this. The instinct is to focus on the fast part, thats where price screams and everyone notices. But the fast part is just the release. The base is where the actual decision gets made, slowly, while its boring enough that most people stop paying attention and assume nothings happening.

Current structure looks like its sitting in that same stage again, the slow grinding part before any acceleration, not after it. Doesnt come with a countdown, bases never do. But long slow base into fast move has held every single time on this chart so far, and right now still reads like the boring part, not the loud part.

Guys, the cold wallet hack really shook me. I have a Trezor, and yes, I created a passphrase wallet within it. However, with AI development and more sophisticated hacking, part of me thinks leaving it on an exchange like Kraken, given they're a company that can be bailed out somehow, could perhaps be safer.

What I'm thinking is this. I had an exchange go down and I got paid back eventually. I had a cold wallet scammed (my mistake, but still). A cold wallet holder will never see their money back, I presume.

What are your thoughts?

Can one do a poll here or is it disabled?

Hello All,

I have been DCA-ing around 60-ish bucks every month on the main chain [I have my own private address] and I recently learnt that having so many transactions can lead to UTXO fragmentation which can lead to higher fees in the future.

Apparently, one of the solutions could be to DCA onto the lightning network and then later swap it with the main chain periodically. Do you think its a good idea? or is there a catch that I am not aware of?

I plan to hold to hold it long term. Thanks!

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I swapped BTC to cosmos and I haven’t received my cosmos ever since then

The standard advice stops too early. Write down your seed, store it somewhere safe, done. The step almost nobody does is check that the thing they wrote down actually works.

People find out years later. A missed word, two words swapped, a 6 that was a b. By then there's nothing left to compare against.

Testing costs almost nothing. Use a cheap second hardware wallet or a wiped spare phone. Restore from the written words only, not from anything still sitting on your main device. Then compare the first two or three receive addresses against your real wallet. If they match, the backup is proven. Wipe the test device and you're done.

If your wallet shows a master key fingerprint, usually labelled XFP and shown as 8 characters like A1B2C3D4, that's a faster check. Same seed and passphrase always produce the same fingerprint. One wrong word produces a completely different one. It comes from a public key, so it isn't secret and you can write it next to your backup.

The passphrase deserves its own warning. A wrong passphrase doesn't throw an error. It quietly builds a new empty wallet, so "my coins are gone" and "I typed one character wrong" look identical on screen. If your passphrase only lives in your head, your seed backup on its own recovers nothing. Back it up separately, in a different place to the seed.

Do the test once at setup, and again any time you rewrite or move the backup. Twenty minutes, and it's the only part of self custody you can prove works before you need it.

I swear to dca btc with $50 every monday and more as my pay increases but never gonna stop its the only way, i cant believe ive been in crypto since 2017 and i have nothing to show for it, done it all trading, memecoins, “utility” coins i watched tens of thousands evaporate so many times, im done with ignoring the only true store of value btc is the only thing thats real.

I remember hearing about Bitcoin years ago and thinking it was a scam. Just internet money with no real future.

I ignored it, watched it grow, and kept telling myself there was still plenty of time.

Now I’m looking at Bitcoin completely differently.

Funny how something you once dismissed can eventually make you wish you had paid attention.

Why is july 2010 the earliest date that many bitcoin calculators websites allow to calculate? Not early july but like mid july of that year... Why is this? Why would this be the case? Was paypal the least riskiest and most practical way to buy any desired amount of btc this early on?

What would be the process to sell it all? obviously you cant just chuck it onto a few exchanges

I have it on Exodus now, wondering if it would be more secure to put it on Fidelity? I have a Jade cold wallet but I don't feel comfortable putting it on there. I feel like I'm going to fuck it up somehow. And now with everything else going on with cold wallets, I feel even less certain.

https://mempool.space/tx/a6d697a25266ce3c78774fd1d75f896b7af522ada209b0f6228ea497bc49a46d ????

Been looking at how Bitcoin chatter has broken down over the past six hours and the split is interesting: FOMO sits at 25% while FUD is at 15%. That's a meaningful gap toward optimism, but neither number is dominant, which lines up with what people are actually saying rather than a one-sided narrative.

The bullish lean seems tied to two things showing up repeatedly in the conversation: institutional interest picking up and some regulatory developments that traders are reading as net positive. At the same time, there's clearly a group watching for a breakout above key resistance rather than assuming it's already happening, which tells you conviction isn't fully there yet. The FUD, while smaller, is still centered on regulation risk and macro headlines, so it's not like those concerns have disappeared, they're just currently outweighed by the more optimistic voices.

What stands out to me is that this isn't a euphoric FOMO spike you'd see near a blow-off top, it's a moderate tilt with real caution baked in. That kind of mixed-but-leaning-bullish setup usually reflects a market waiting for confirmation rather than one already convinced of a direction.

Does a 25/15 FOMO-to-FUD split feel like genuine building momentum to you, or just normal noise that happens whenever BTC approaches a resistance level?

Looked at Bitcoin-related tweets from the last six hours and the sentiment split is almost eerily balanced: 25% FOMO, 25% FUD. That's not a huge skew either way, which honestly tells its own story: nobody's convinced of direction right now.

The bullish camp is leaning on ETF inflows and institutional adoption as reasons to expect a bottom is forming. The cautious camp keeps bringing up regulatory uncertainty and geopolitical risk as reasons this could still slide. What stands out is that both camps seem to agree on the technical picture even if they disagree on the outcome: resistance sitting around 65k-66k seems to be the level everyone's watching for a potential breakout, with a range-bound market in the meantime.

A perfectly even FOMO/FUD split like this usually shows up during consolidation phases when the market hasn't picked a direction yet, rather than during a clear trend. It's less about a specific catalyst and more about traders waiting to see who blinks first.

What do you think breaks this stalemate first, a macro/regulatory headline or a clean technical break of that 65k-66k zone?

Looked at the last six hours of Bitcoin-related tweets and the split is closer than I expected: 20% FOMO versus 15% FUD, with the rest sitting in a kind of wait-and-see zone. That's not a wild imbalance either way, which is honestly more interesting than a lopsided reading would be.

What stands out is the reasoning behind both sides. The FOMO crowd is leaning on continued institutional and ETF interest as the bullish thread. The FUD side isn't panic-selling type fear, it's more about worry over a slowdown or a breakout getting delayed, tied to regulatory headlines and macro signals like rate expectations. So it reads less like fear of a crash and more like fear of stagnation.

The fact that neither sentiment is dominating suggests the market is genuinely undecided rather than euphoric or panicked, which tends to happen when everyone's watching the same external catalysts (regulation, Fed commentary, ETF flows) without a clear resolution yet.

What do you think is more likely to break this stalemate first, a regulatory headline or a macro data print?

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