There is some kind of relationship between empty blocks and difficulty increase/decrease that I have not been able to formulate properly. The fewer the empty blocks, the closer to the 10 minutes average per block we are, meaing that every set of 2016 blocks were closer to the estimated time of confirmation.
Last year, 2021, China banned those confirming blocks in their country and that had an impact on difficulty that reflected on the amount of empty blocks 'mined', in my humble opinion.
My theory is that every time a block is taking more than 40-60 minutes, there is a candidate block, with no transactions, waiting in the shadows to be 'mined' in order to be the first afterwards. When you analize a series of blocks, you can easily differ how many empty blocks follow those blocks that took a lot of time to confirm and you will realize that most, if not all, follow this pattern of being confirm just after a very slow and laggy one.
In a side note, it is true that renouncing to the fees is pointless because what @RedGrittyBrick said about the halving every 210,000 Blocks, but confirming that empty block would make sense if you have an edge at confirming the next immediate block afterwards for the full subsidy.
I would suggest a PR to the core developers in order to prevent the mining of empty blocks unless the mempool is empty, of course.
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